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Proxy re-encryption
Proxy re-encryption schemes are cryptosystems which allow third parties (proxies) to alter a ciphertext which has been encrypted for one party, so that it may be decrypted by another.
==Examples of use==
A proxy re-encryption is generally used when one party, say Bob, wants to reveal the contents of messages sent to him and encrypted with his public key to a third party, Chris, without revealing his private key to Chris. Bob does not want the proxy to be able to read the contents of his messages. 〔Nabeel's Blog, Seen Nov 2014, http://mohamednabeel.blogspot.ca/2011/03/proxy-re-encryption.html〕
Bob could designate a proxy to re-encrypt one of his messages that is to be sent to Chris. This generates a new key that Chris can use to decrypt the message. Now if Alice sends Chris a message that was encrypted under Bob's key, the proxy will alter the message, allowing Chris to decrypt it. This method allows for a number of applications such as e-mail forwarding, law-enforcement monitoring, and content distribution.
A weaker re-encryption scheme is one in which the proxy possesses both parties' keys simultaneously. One key decrypts a plaintext, while the other encrypts it. Since the goal of many proxy re-encryption schemes is to avoid revealing either of the keys or the underlying plaintext to the proxy, this method is not ideal.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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